Eric J. Ip, PharmD, CSCS, BCPS, CDE,Mitchell J. Barnett, MS, PharmD, Michael J. Tenerowicz, BA, CSCS, Jennifer A. Kim, PharmD, Hong Wei, MS, and Paul J. Perry, PhD

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Purpose: To provide an in-depth analysis of 12 female self reported anabolic–androgenic steroid (AAS) users.

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Conclusions: Female AAS users practice polypharmacy (using multiple medications). Female AAS users are more likely to have qualified for substance dependence disorder, have been diagnosed with a psychiatric illness, and have a history of sexual abuse than both male AAS users and female non-AAS users.

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IN PLAIN ENGLISH: Yikes!